In the U.S., approximately half of teenagers were currently sexually active due to early biological maturity and delayed marriage. Being younger females were more likely fail to use contraception than other gender and age groups. Consequently, some teenagers were challenged by teenage pregnancy and abortion. Teenage childbearing and parenthood may lead to disadvantaged situation and pass from generation to generation. Since age, gender, and lack of sufficient knowledge or skills were found the major reason linked to teenagers’ risky sexual behaviors, the advocate of sex education was launched among education, health care, and social work fields. Social learning theory and the ecology of human development were the mostly applied theoretical frameworks when designing sex education to prevent teenage pregnancy. This study described differences between two contrasting sex education viewpoints, abstinence-only and comprehensive approaches. Moreover, eight sex education programs, four for each approach, were selected for comparison in terms of study population, study design, evaluation criteria, protocol, outcome measures, and their effectiveness. Finally, the effectiveness of sex education approach was discussed encoring evidence-based practice.
