Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of blindness and severe vision loss in
developed countries and is responsible for 8.7% of blindness globally. Ultraviolet radiation can induce DNA
breakdown, produce reactive oxygen species, and has been implicated as a risk factor for AMD. This study
investigated the effects of UVA radiation on Human retinal pigment epithelial cell (ARPE-19) growth and
protein expression.